Results
Mean rejection rates for unfair and fair offers were 78.8 ± 25.1 and 16.9 ± 22.3, respectively. Participants were more likely to reject unfair offers than fair offers (t = 10.4, P < 0.001). Mean of T scores of overall neuroticism and agreeableness scores were 54.1 ± 12.6 and 46.4 ± 15.4, respectively. As we expected, the rejection rate for unfair offers was positively correlated with straightforwardness (R = 0.59, P = 0.006) and trust (R = 0.54, P = 0.015) facets (Fig. S1 A and B), subscales of agreeableness, but not with the overall agreeableness score (R = 0.35, P = 0.13). That is, honest and trustful people are more likely to reject unfair offers. However, importantly, the rejection rate for unfair offers was neither correlated with the overall neuroticism score (R = ?0.15, P = 0.52) nor with subscales such as anger–hostility (R = ?0.20, P = 0.40) and impulsivity (R = 0.21, P = 0.37). The rejection rate for fair offers did not correlate with any personality scales.
Voxel-wise statistical parametric mapping (SPM) (Fig. 1 A and B) analysis revealed significant negative correlation between the rejection rate for unfair offers and the binding potential for nondisplaceable radioligand in tissue (BPND) (15) of [ 11 C]DASB in the midbrain regions including DRN (Fig. 2A). Confirmatory region-of-interest (ROI) analysis revealed identical results (Fig. 2B). The mean BPND of [ 11 C]DASB in the midbrain including DRN was 3.05 ± 0.86. There were no significant correlations between the rejection rate of fair offers and [ 11 C]DASB binding of any of the brain regions, nor were the rejection rates of unfair and fair offers correlated with [ 11 C]WAY100635 binding. SPM and ROI analyses also revealed that straightforwardness (R = ?0.54, P = 0.013) (Fig. S2 A and B) and trust (R = ?0.51, P = 0.022) (Fig. S3 A and B) were negatively correlated with BPND of [ 11 C]DASB in the midbrain regions including DRN. 70, P = 0.04, one tailed) (Fig. 3). The mediation effect of trust approached significance (Sobel test = ?1.47, P = 0.07, one tailed) (Fig. S4). Because straightforwardness and trust were highly correlated (R = 0.58, P = 0.008), we averaged these indices to enhance the robustness of the mediation model. The analysis revealed a more robust mediation effect (Sobel test = ?1.91, P = 0.03, one tailed). We also tested an alternative model in which personality drives 5-HTT in DRN, which then mediates the relationship between personality and rejection to unfair offers. This model showed that 5-HTT in DRN was not a significant mediator of the relationship between personality and rejection to unfair offers in UG (straightforwardness: Sobel test = 1.09, P = 0.14,one tailed and trust: Sobel test = 1.25, P = 0.11, one tailed).
Correlation anywhere between rejection speed of unjust also provides inside the UG and 5-HTT joining inside the DRN. (A) SPM photo showing aspects of negative correlation ranging from getting rejected speed of unfair also offers and you may 5-HTT binding within the DRN. (B) Plots and you may regression type of relationship ranging from rejection rates regarding unjust even offers and 5-HTT joining within the DRN (R = ?0.50, P = 0.026). Dashed traces are 95% believe interval limits.
It revealed that http://www.datingranking.net/tr/only-lads-inceleme straightforwardness is actually a critical intermediary of the dating anywhere between 5-HTT binding inside the DRN and you will getting rejected out of unjust now offers inside the UG (Sobel attempt = ?step one
Crockett et al. (10) demonstrated that serotonin (5-HT) played a task in the modulating a reaction to unfair even offers inside UG. A lessening main 5-HT top increased rejection so you can unfairness. This basically means, low level 5-HT makes us faster tolerant from unfairness and much more honest inside saying the anger. Using a call at vivo unit imaging approach, positron emission tomography (PET), i in person counted 5-HT transporters (5-HTT) and 5-HT1A receptors and you will investigated the relation to personality and you will a reaction to unfairness. Just like the dishonest behavior are known to hire notice regions from the intellectual handle, including the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) (11, 12), and you will 5-HT signal into the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is essential having intellectual manage (13, 14), we hypothesized you to lowest 5-HT transmission during the DLPFC or even the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), a major way to obtain 5-HT, would be of the highest rejection of unfair also provides into the UG, hence the fresh new personality attribute out-of sincerity would mediate this possible relationship.
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